Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), also known as PCOD (polycystic ovarian disease) is one of the commonest causes of irregular menses &infertility. Patients have multiple small cysts in their ovaries that occur when the regular changes of a normal menstrual cycle are disrupted. Diagnosis is based on medical history, blood tests & ultrasound features of enlarged ovaries with multiple cysts.
Most patients respond to medicines. Laparoscopic ovarian drilling is helpful in failed medical treatment, where multiple puntures are made in the ovarian cysts with electric current. Laparoscopy should be done by a competent person who doesn’t damage excessive ovarian tissue. Most patients start getting regular menses & many conceive in the first year after the surgery.